Understanding Feline Hyperthryoidism
Hyperthyroidism is a common disease in older cats where the thyroid gland produces too much hormone. This speeds up the metabolism and makes cats act hyperactive while also losing weight. The disease is usually caused by a benign tumor on the thyroid gland, leading to excessive hormone production. If not treated, it can contribute to heart disease, high blood pressure, and kidney problems.
Breeds Most Predisposed:
Any middle-aged to older cat (typically over 10 years old)
Slightly higher occurrence in Siamese and Himalayan breeds
Signs and Symptoms:
Noticeable weight loss despite an increase in appetite
Drinking more water and urinating more frequently
Hyperactivity or unusual bursts of energy, sometimes combined with irritability
Vomiting or diarrhea
Poor coat condition—fur may look greasy, messy, or unkempt
Rapid heart rate, which can be felt when petting the chest
High blood pressure, which may lead to sudden blindness if untreated
Home Care Options:
Regularly monitor weight and appetite changes and schedule a visit with your primary veterinarian if these changes are seen.
Provide fresh water at all times to prevent dehydration.
Follow your veterinarian’s recommendation for medications and dietary changes, as needed.
Consider feeding prescription low-iodine diets (if recommended by a vet) to help manage the disease naturally.
Reduce environmental stress—hyperthyroid cats may become anxious and prefer quiet areas.
Veterinary Care:
Blood tests measuring thyroid hormone levels (T4) confirm hyperthyroidism, sometimes requiring additional tests.
Treatment options include:
Daily medication (methimazole) to control hormone levels, requiring lifelong use.
Radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy, which permanently treats the condition by destroying the overactive thyroid tissue.
Surgical removal of the affected thyroid gland (thyroidectomy), though less commonly done.
Special prescription diets with low iodine to reduce hormone production, though effectiveness varies by cat.
Regular follow-ups and blood work are needed to adjust treatments and monitor for side effects.
